Rail Safety System Based on Temperature Calibration and Track Crack Detection

The safety of rails is of utmost importance to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the railway industry. The heat generated by the train wheels and the track can cause damage to the track if it exceeds the threshold capacity of the track. The temperature calibration method is used to compare the temperatures of the environment and track. To perform the temperature calibration method, DTH11 temperature sensor is used to predict the heat generated by trains while traveling on the tracks. To detect small damages like cracks, loose joints, etc., which can cause internal damage to the train, the IR sensor is used. If the heat generated by the train exceeds the threshold capacity of the track or any damage is detected in the track, the IoT system will send an alert to the railway track maintenance crew along with the location of the damage with the help of GPS. The MQTT protocol is used to quickly transfer data to the cloud and ensure quick sending of the alert to the maintenance crew, through the web page. Thus, the integration of continuously monitoring the temperature and cracks in real-time through IoT technology and sending alerts to the maintenance crew automatically can ensure the safe and efficient operation of the railway industry.