Impact Investigation for Gain Flattening Optimization of EDFA-Based Systems for Long-Haul WDM Applications

We propose an investigation for the gain flattening of erbium-doped optical amplifier (EDFA) based systems. The abrupt changes in the input power can lead to dynamic variations in population inversion. This can further lead to reduced receiver saturation. For this purpose, the hybrid amplifier-based gain-clamping or gain-flattening setup is proposed. The investigation is done on various parameters, like gain ripples, frequency, and doping length variation, to optimize the gain flattening. The optimized values yield gain ripples less than 0.00148 dB and a gain of 26.71 dB. The high value of the Optical-Signal-to-Nosie-Ratio (OSNR) i.e. 32.73 dB; the low value of the noise figure i.e. 4.04 dB; and the comparison results with state-of-art prove the superiority of our proposed technique.