Forest Ecosystem Formation Mechanisms as a Scientific and Methodological Basis for Ground Monitoring

The mechanisms of territorial organization, self-regulation, and stability of coniferous forest ecosystems have been considered using large-scale empirical-statistical modeling of topo-geosystems. A multidimensional ecological analysis of the parameters of plant substance turnover has been performed; the question about flat interfluves under the boreal ecotone conditions has been considered. The general informational model is considered as a system of chain reactions in landscape connections under external hydrothermal impacts. The problems of formation and functionality of zonal-climax ecosystems (as “representatives” of the zonal–regional bioclimatic background) under conditions of zonal boundaries have been considered. A measure of resilience stability of ecosystems has been proposed, and the results of its large-scale mapping are presented. Methodical construction with the working title “Empirical simulation of the regional bioclimatic trend by local ecosystems” is presented. The local geomorphological and hydroedaphic factors have been shown to deflect the zonal background and to form regional systems of local zonality consisting of the vector series of flat interfluve and extrazonal biogeocoenoses. The regional systems of local zonality are caused by the refraction of the zonal–regional bioclimatic background on the side of local factors. Local empirical simulation of the thermo-arid bioclimatic trend predicted for different regions was made by factor ordination of the biogeocoenosis series.