An Introduction to Chronic Kidney Disease

As this publication is intended to be useful to a broad population of people with interests in supporting children with kidney disease, this chapter is designed to provide the basics of normal kidney development and function, the types of kidney disease that most commonly affect children, and an overview of common testing/studies performed and therapies provided. The scope of pediatric renal disease is quite large and complex, and significant differences between the effects and outcomes of pediatric and adult kidney disease are to be expected given the biologic variability experienced during growth, development, and varying environmental exposures. This chapter is meant to provide a common starting line of knowledge for patients, families, and team members who do not have extensive background in the biomedical sciences. The complex job of the kidneys is reviewed, as well as the most common concerns that can result from kidney damage and disease. Indeed, “knowledge is power,” and it is important that not only the nephrologists caring for the kidney patient have a basic understanding, but so do the patient, family, and allied health professionals working together to promote best care outcomes.