Review on the Optics and Photonics in Environmental Sustainability

The rapid advancements in optics and photonics have provided innovative solutions to address various environmental challenges. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the applications of optics and photonics in environmental sustainability. It explores the diverse range of technologies and methodologies that utilize light-based principles to monitor, mitigate, and manage environmental issues. The chapter covers key topics such as remote sensing, spectroscopy, photovoltaic, light-based water treatment, and optical sensors for environmental monitoring. Additionally, it discusses the potential of emerging technologies in optics and photonics to further enhance sustainability efforts. This aims to highlight the critical role of optics and photonics in shaping a more sustainable future and fostering a deeper understanding of their applications in environmental conservation and resource management.