Women of the Constitutional Revolution

This chapter relates the impact of women’s activism in establishing a constitutional order. It shows the importance of protest against abuses of women in driving the movement for an elected government. It details the rise of women’s political associations such as Ladies for the Homeland or the Secret Union of Women. The chapter notes the roles of female military heroes such as Bibi Maryam BakhtiariBakhtiari, Bibi Maryam in resisting foreign superpowers. It also shows the accomplishments of activist women’s charitable and literary associations, which helped the country to cope with war-induced regional famines, and then the great influenza epidemic of 1919.