Resource-Saving Environmentally Friendly Technology for Small-Scale Production of Lead-Free Solder

In the electrical industry, alloys containing from 10 to 90% lead are used for soldering. Lead, according to a large number of studies, has a negative impact on human health and the environment. In 2006, a European Union regulation came into force limiting the use of lead-containing solders in the electrical industry. In this regard, most leading corporations strive to use lead-free solders. This article presents research on the development of a resource-saving technology for producing lead-free solder wire and rod from 52In-48Sn alloy by direct extrusion. Using a mathematical model of direct extrusion and a computer program developed on its basis, the deformation and energy-force parameters for the manufacture of Ø 8.0 and 15.0 mm rods and Ø 2.0 mm wire were determined. According to the calculation results, the maximum extrusion force in the manufacture of the specified range is 106 kN, which was taken into account when selecting equipment and designing tools. Simulation in the QForm package determined the temperature and speed conditions for the extrusion of rods and wire. Using the developed technology, a pilot batch of 100 kg of Ø 2.0 mm solder wire wound on coils and 150 kg of Ø 8.0 mm rod was manufactured. The use of lead-free solder in the manufacture of electronics will reduce the harmful effects of lead on the environment and human health. Technology that eliminates many intermediate operations and the use of a large amount of equipment will also have a positive impact on the environment.