Current Thermochemical Biomass/Waste Conversion Pathways

This chapter discusses the current advanced technologies for thermochemical conversion of waste materials into biofuels, bioenergy, and biochemicals by providing in-depth awareness of the position these technologies play in the global shift toward circular economy and sustainability. Thermochemical conversion processes are found to be the most sustainable ways of transforming all kinds of waste like solid (e.g., food waste, lignocellulosic waste, construction waste, plastic waste) and liquid waste (e.g., sewage sludge) into bio-based products compared to biochemical, biological, and chemical conversion technologies. Since waste may contain diverse components especially when they are not sorted at source but damped as a mixture at landfills, thermochemical waste conversion technologies become innovative and sustainable solutions for managing waste whilst simultaneously generating bioproducts. Thermochemical conversion technologies like pyrolysis and gasification are discussed, and recent advancements are explored in this chapter.