Dizziness in Other Medical Condition

Functional dizziness is the most common diagnosis in young adults between 18 and 40 years (Strupp 2005). The diagnosis can be made by the typical history (e.g., symptoms also at rest, fluctuations with aggravation in certain environments, worsening over the day, sensitivity to moving visual scenes) and the typical findings on clinical examination (e.g., normal finding or findings not explaining the symptoms, postural imbalance in simple tasks that improves in more difficult tasks) (Brandt et al. 1997). A presumed pathophysiological concept is depicted in Fig. 7.1. There is a high comorbidity with psychiatric and psychosomatic disorders (Lahmann et al. 2015). Psychiatric disorders (e.g., depression) are often suspected on clinical presentation. It depends on the clinical presentation if counselling the patient is sufficient or if psychological and psychiatric therapeutic support is needed. Differential diagnoses for chronic complaints are (a combination with) sensory deficits and early phases of neurodegeneration.