Evaluation of Extrusion Methods for 3D Concrete Printing

3D concrete printing is an additive manufacturing technique that builds a solid part in a layer-by-layer process. To fabricate a highly complex structure, precise control of the flow rate and start-stop dispensing of material on demand is required. The preparation and delivery of material are different for different extrusion methods which cause the deviation in the printed filament. Accumulation of inaccurate deposition and fluctuation of flow rate can lead to wrong dimensions or eventually failure of the printed structure. In this paper, the effects of extruded material for different extrusion methods were evaluated. It was observed that each printing methods have its advantages and selecting of extrusion method should depend on the applications and materials.