Alkali-Activated Waste Glass-Based Geopolymer Concrete for Digital Construction

The utilization of waste materials in emerging 3D concrete printing technology offers a sustainable solution to mitigate environmental issues. Glass waste, being one of the largest sources of waste globally, can be recycled to reduce its environmental impact. This study aims to investigate the effect of partially replacing glass waste powder with the precursor in geopolymerization for 3D concrete printing. The 3D printable geopolymer concrete containing 10% and 30% glass waste as a replacement to FA was developed and printed using the concrete 3D printer. After 28 days, the hardened properties of the resulting samples, including compressive strength in longitudinal, lateral, and perpendicular directions, as well as the apparent volume of permeable voids, were measured. The test results revealed that the porosity of the 3D printed samples increased with the glass waste powder content, along with the decreased compressive strength.