Miscellaneous Pathologies of the Brain

This chapter offers an exploration of miscellaneous pathologies of the brain, encompassing a diverse array of conditions including Wilson disease, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), optic pathway gliomas in NF1, focal areas of signal intensity (FASI), cholesteatomas, multiple sclerosis, glomus jugulare paraganglioma, sphenoid bone fibrous dysplasia, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The chapter covers the definition, epidemiology, pathology, etiology, and clinical presentation of each condition. Moreover, it provides detailed insights into their neuroimaging features, aiding in enhancing diagnostic proficiency in the evaluation of these conditions.