Breast Augmentation by Lipofilling

The breast augmentation via lipofilling is a technique of augmenting breast volume by transferring fat from areas like the abdomen or hips to the breasts. This method is crucial for correcting asymmetries or filling defects, especially after tumorectomy or alongside reconstruction post-mastectomy. Unlike implant procedures, lipofilling leaves no visible scars and introduces no foreign bodies, which simplifies post-operative care and reduces long-term maintenance concerns. The imaging protocol for lipofilling is particularly important to identify any potential lesions requiring biopsy before proceeding with surgery. Typical imaging assessments include two-dimensional mammography views and, depending on breast density, ultrasound examination. The MRI is often performed preoperatively as a reference assessment and is always recommended for patients with a history of breast cancer. Preoperative assessments are typically done 6 months to a year before surgery. Follow-ups post-surgery mirror those of the general population, with no immediate postoperative imaging unless necessary. Post-lipofilling imaging often reveals oil cysts with or without calcified walls and changes in retroglandular fat thickness. Recognizing these features is essential to avoid misinterpretation as they can mimic or obscure pathological findings. Radiologists must be adept at identifying these typical post-lipofilling appearances to ensure accurate diagnoses and appropriate follow-up, particularly in distinguishing benign post-surgical changes from indications of malignancy.