Photocatalytic TiO2 Nanomaterial to Reduce Greenhouse Gases

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is gaining popularity as a potential contender for photocatalytic carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction to transform industrial CO2 gas into fuels. It is also associated with the storage of inconsistent and sustainable energy of solar in the form of chemical bonds to close the carbon cycle. Nevertheless, pure TiO2 has a high band gap (3.2 eV), quick electron and hole recombination, and limited selectivity for photocatalysis. Much progress has recently been achieved in enhancing the efficiency of TiO2 photocatalysts to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In this chapter, we first address the foundations and problems of photocatalysis for greenhouse gas reduction using TiO2-based catalysts. After that, the newly developing advancements and improvements in TiO2 nanostructures by making hybrid nanostructures and heterostructures for conquering the aforementioned barriers to obtain good photocatalytic activity, as well as the capacity to prevent electron–hole pair recombination, are explored.