Promoting Decarbonization of Islands: A Case Study on the Replacement of Gas Water Heaters in Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal

This study examines the environmental and energy efficiency implications of replacing gas water heaters by electric water heaters (EWHs) in Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal. Through a comprehensive case study, we assess the impact on energy consumption, self-sufficiency, and carbon emissions of the referred replacement. Our findings suggest that transitioning from gas to electric water heating systems can significantly improve energy sustainability metrics, including increased self-consumption and reduced reliance on fossil fuels, therefore contributing to the decarbonization of Terceira Island. This research provides useful insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to promote energy sustainability in residential settings.