Scenarios for Sustainable Citrus Supply Chains in the Mediterranean

Citrus supply chains (CSCs) in the Mediterranean region are confronted with challenges such as lack of transparency, diverse efficiency and sustainability issues, and various climate change impacts. Coupled with an uncertain geopolitical environment and concerns about food security, this situation poses difficulties for stakeholders in making informed operational and strategic decisions. Achieving sustainable citrus production and consumption is a highly complex endeavor, amplified by a lack of strategic foresight and collaboration throughout the supply chain. To reduce uncertainties and guide strategic decision-making, while addressing potential future developments of Mediterranean citrus production and distribution systems within a circular economy, this chapter provides the results of an extensive scenario creation process considering specificities of Mediterranean CSCs. Three alternative scenarios were developed, and transformative pathways were derived to lead developments from business as usual toward the desired positive scenario characterized by resilient and sustainable supply chains within digital circular value creation. By emphasizing technological advancement and the integration of biological and technological circularity in a socioeconomic environment, the scenarios can guide both business and political decision-makers in creating robust, sustainable, and competitive business strategies and regulations.