The Mediating Influence of Energy Reduction on the Relationship Between Green Production and Digital Sustainability: Insights from Iraqi Oil Companies

Over the past three decades, sustainability issues have become essential goals worldwide; therefore, new concepts, strategies, frameworks, and systems have been developed to address this issue. The study explores the relationship between green production and sustainability and how energy reduction mediates this relationship. Data from Iraqi oil companies were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The research findings indicate that green production and energy reduction positively impact sustainability, and energy reduction acts as a positive mediator in the relationship between green production and sustainability. The study findings highlight the significance of green production and energy reduction as key factors driving sustainability. This study provides practical and managerial implications for oil companies, offering a framework managers and policymakers can utilize to ensure sustainability within their operations.