Drying of Refractory Castable

The drying of ceramic materials containing water is a complex process. For example, the drying of bricks differs considerably from that of a refractory castable. The brick mass contains about 15% by weight water, an Ultra-Low Cement Castable (ULCC) about 5% by weight. Bricks are prone to shrinkage cracks, while ULCC is prone to explosive spalling if not dried properly.