The Independent Theatre Society operated in London from 1891 to 1898 as a private subscription society that sought to foster innovative drama, free from the demands of the commercial stage and, sometimes, evading the government censor. This chapter examines the work of three women writers who had plays produced by the Independent Theatre Society, women who were not only playwrights but also had served as theatrical managers in an era known for male actor-managers. Elizabeth Robins’s Alan’s Wife, co-authored with Lady Florence Bell, was produced by the Independent Theatre Society in 1893. Robins had famously created a joint management company with Marion Lea in 1891 for the purpose staging Ibsen’s Hedda Gabler in London. Like Robins, the less-known Dorothy Leighton and Aimée Daniell Beringer (Mrs. Oscar Beringer) were both novelists as well as playwrights. Dorothy Leighton was the professional name of Mrs. G. C. Ashton Jonson, who was born Ethel Mary Forsyth. She was co-manager, with founder J. T. Grein, of the Independent Theatre Society, and she took charge of the Society when Grein stepped away from it. Leighton’s own play Thyrza Fleming was produced by the society in 1895. Beringer served for a time as the manager of London’s Opéra Comique, which later provided a venue for many of the Independent Theatre’s productions. Beringer’s dark play Salvé was produced by the Independent Theatre Society in 1895. All three of these plays center on motherhood, representing it in ways that depart from and complicate Victorian theatrical and social conventions, thereby redefining and broadening cultural representations and understandings of women’s lives. The chapter analyzes these plays not only in the context of Victorian theater, but also in the context of their authors’ professional careers and in the context of the closely-knit community of the Independent Theatre. The chapter thus sheds new light on the Independent Theatre Society’s function and influence and on the conditions of women writing for the theater in the late nineteenth century.