A Brief History of Macular Surgery
摘要
The history of macular surgery is a testament to continuous innovation in ophthalmology, marked by key milestones such as the introduction of pars plana vitrectomy and subsequent advancements in surgical techniques. Innovations like macular hole surgery, internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling, and the development of membrane dyes have transformed the treatment landscape for various macular pathologies. Despite challenges in addressing conditions like myopic foveoschisis and lamellar macular hole, recent techniques such as the inverted ILM flap have expanded surgical options. Additionally, breakthroughs in electronic retinal prostheses and retinal gene therapy have revolutionized the management of inherited retinal conditions. Looking forward, ongoing research promises further advancements, including retinal transplantation and neuroregeneration, offering hope for improved outcomes and quality of life for patients with macular diseases.