Combining Photonic Integrated Circuits and Detectors with Absolute Responsivity as an Absolute Power Source
摘要
This paper presents for the first time a method of combining a Predictable Quantum Efficient Detector (PQED) and a cascaded multimode interference coupler (MMI) to generate a predictable laser source used to characterize detectors at low optical power levels in the sub nW range. The results show an agreement between predicted and measured power levels at the low output channel below 80 fW at a wide range of power levels. At higher power levels, the agreement between measured and predicted values are 0.2%.