Upper and Lower Blepharoplasty
摘要
Classically, blepharoplastyBlepharoplasty is the removal of excess skin, muscle, and fat from the eyelids. Indications for upper or lower blepharoplastyBlepharoplasty include enhancing the patient’s appearance. Upper eyelid blepharoplastyBlepharoplasty may be indicated to improve superior field vision. Whether the indication is functional or aesthetic, a natural appearing result is desired. Outcomes can be enhanced by recognizing eyelid pathology, including malposition or laxity. Concomitant procedures encompass blepharoptosis repair, canthal tightening of the eyelids, fat transposition, or brow procedures, among many others. This chapter details surgical technique and other aspects of upper and lower blepharoplastyBlepharoplasty surgery.