Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

There is a significant impact of physician workforce demographics on patient outcomes; thus, it is essential that the demographics of the physician workforce evolve with that of the overall population. There has been a longstanding disparity that is racial and ethnic representation in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS). Having a diverse workforce fosters innovation, helps us take better informed risks, and allows teams to reach a higher level of excellence. While there have been uptrends in representation of various genders, races, and ethnicities, significant work in representation and inclusivity remains. There are fundamental and systemic barriers within academia that contribute to underrepresentation of various populations within OHNS. In response to demographic disparities and barriers, leadership, mentorship, and educational initiatives have been implemented within the field of OHNS to encourage and create a more diverse and inclusive workforce. This chapter will review the demographics of the current OHNS workforce, present historical demographic trends in OHNS, and discuss potential barriers and solutions to a diverse and inclusive OHNS workforce that fosters innovation and higher levels of patient care.