Introduction: The State of Physician Workforce Diversity in Graduate Medical Education Across the Largest Residency Training Specialties

This introductory chapter reviews the case for physician workforce diversity in graduate medical education and beyond. Representation data for 2022–2023 academic year are summarized by demographic identity across the largest training specialties showing the specialties with the greatest versus least representative diversity. An overview of the barriers and solutions to diversity, equity, and inclusion to be discussed in the subsequent chapters is provided.