Exploring Plants and Microbes for Bioremediation of Industrial Wastewater

Numerous harmful substances are present in the wastewater produced by different industrial processes, including polyaromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, ammonia, phenol, and other different hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbons. Even minute levels of prolonged exposure to these dangerous substances cause long-term negative impacts on living things. It causes a variety of pulmonary ailments, including lung cancer and acute and chronic respiratory illnesses. In addition, it could cause neurological toxicity, exhaustion, headaches, and other mental health issues like anxiety and depression. An inventive and optimistic method that can be utilised to remove and minimise such toxins from wastewater is bioremediation. The employment of microorganisms and plants in bioremediation has a great deal of potential for future growth due to its affordability and compatibility with the environment. The availability, resistance to toxic environments, bioaccumulation potentials, invasive mechanisms, and biomass potentials of several groups of aquatic plants have led to their exploitation. This chapter offers cutting-edge methods for assessing these remediation technologies as well as integrated measurement techniques for assessing the effectiveness of remediation using microbes and plants. The basic roles played by microorganisms and plants in the process of in-situ bioremediation for pollutant(s) elimination are also fundamentally explained in this article.