Membrane Bioreactor for Removal of Persistent Organic Pollutants from Wastewater: A Review

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are chemical compounds that have attracted lots of attention in the recent past. These compounds (also known as “forever chemicals”) are resistant to natural degradation and consequently bio-accumulate to execute hazardous effect at higher trophic levels. Exposure to POPs has been associated with several undesirable effects on living organisms. POP has been detected in wastewater generated from industries, agriculture and urban centers. Removal of POPs from wastewater is necessary for maintaining a safe environment. Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) is an innovative technology employed for treating wastewater. It is a combination of biological treatment and membrane filtration system for remediating wastewater. The MBR-based technology has several advantages over conventional wastewater treatment technologies. The present chapter provides an overview of recent literature referring to the usage of MBR for removal of emerging pollutants particularly POPs from industrial and municipal wastewater. Additionally, the chapter also discusses importance of nanotechnology- based membrane in wastewater treatment. Challenges and perspectives of MBR in wastewater treatment are also discussed to provide outlook about the future course of research.