Sewage Treatment & Recovery of Energy Based on the Integrated Strategy of Microbial Electrochemical Systems (MES)

With every passing day, the demand for waste treatment and energy or power generation has not only lowered the amount of non-renewable fossil fuels but also terribly affected the environment. Subsequently, the need for alternate ways to treat sewage wastes and power generation has been introduced. Microbial Electrochemical Systems (MES) have become an exclusive technology in industrial evolution. MES is a part of a continuously stirred microbial electrochemical reactor that can transfer electrical and chemical energy using microorganisms depending on material science, bio-electrochemistry, chemical oxygen demand (COD) etc. MES has applications in water desalination, power generation, various chemical production, and others. With all the advantages, in some fields, the application of MES has been held back because of high cost, slow kinetics, and low efficiency. The present book chapter focuses on the different types of MES, the constructive method, and the use of MES in various fields, especially in sewage treatment and energy generation. Recent advancements in MES for future sewage treatment and energy development have also been covered.