Theoretical Fundamentals of the Three-Phase Distribution State Estimator

Robust state estimation specialised in practical application in the distribution power grid (DSE) is presented in this chapter. Its model and the procedure for solving it are a compromise: As a result of that compromise, the DSE model and its solution procedure were developed entirely in accordance with the nature of DPGs and with load flow calculations that are specialised in DPGs—back/forward sweep-based iterative distribution load flow calculation. Finally, their application enables sufficiently high-quality state estimation in diverse, multi-voltage, high-dimensional, balanced and unbalanced, active and passive DPGs, with high and low levels of real-time data telemetry. As such, it is primarily intended for real-life applications, but it can also be used for various simulations and “what if” analyses. This chapter considers the problem of state estimation of DPG from theoretical and mathematical aspects. The fact is that DSE is not and cannot be a stand-alone application. Therefore, the integration of the DSE model and the procedure for solving it into ADMS as an industrial-grade product is a needed, natural continuation of this chapter.