Tactile Graphics and Models for Blind People and Recognition of Shapes by Touch

In the last few decades, remarkable progress has been made in the development of exact 3D solid models. This is mainly attributable to modern technology and techniques such as information technology, shape measurement, and digital manufacturing. 3D models enable blind people to experience the world through touch and are useful as tactile teaching materials not only at schools but also in lifelong learning. In this introduction, we will review previous work on tactile graphics and 3D models and then introduce the presentations in the current STS.