Uteroplacental Physiology
摘要
The placenta is responsible for the diffusion of gases and the transport of nutrients across its membranes and regulates fetal and placental growth. It is an endocrine organ releasing humoral agents that are responsible for paracrine and autocrine signaling. The trophoblasts of the chorionic villi uniquely produce human chorionic gonadotropin, human placental lactogen, parathyroid hormone-related protein, and insulin-regulating ligands. The uterus and placenta function as a cohesive unit that is vital for the proper growth and well-being of fetus during the pregnancy and labor and delivery.