Tocolytic and Uterotonic Agents

In the peripartum period, a variety of pharmacologic agents are administered to facilitate the safety of the obstetric patient. Tocolytic therapy, which terminates uterine contractions, is a cornerstone of treatment for preterm labor to delay premature delivery. Alternatively, uterotonic agents promote uterine contraction, with oxytocin the most common pharmacologic treatment for labor induction and postpartum hemorrhage prevention. There are a handful of agents that are used both as monotherapies and adjunct therapies. This chapter addresses the diverse therapeutic options available to anesthesiologists in the labor and delivery setting, from preterm labor to anticipated cesarean sections.