Research on Multi-model Hierarchical Optimization Design Technology for Railway Body Structure

Rapid advancements in design, structure, materials, and manufacturing technologies have significantly enhanced the performance metrics of railcar bodies. Amidst the increasing prominence of urban rail transit, these designs are now subject to stricter standards and lightweight requirements. This paper presents a multi-model layered optimization design technique focused on the multi-disciplinary optimization of subway car bodies. A comprehensive optimization model was developed, encompassing the main load-bearing structures of the vehicle and the constraints of standard design requirements. Models for static strength analysis, modal analysis, and detailed impact analysis of the vehicle’s frontal collision section were established. Through this multi-model layered optimization process, a lightweight design of a new red-line aluminum alloy car body structure was accomplished. Verification indicated that the optimized results meet the static strength, modal, and impact resistance design requirements specified in the standards, demonstrating the validity and practical applicability of the proposed multi-model layered optimization technique.