Value-added biomass from microbes is biomass, and yeast, are microscopic, single-celled organisms that are used to create a range of biomaterials, biofuels produced by microorganisms that have additional commercial or industrial value. Microbes, which include fungi, algae, and other important substances. The production of bioethanol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen from modified microbes is the result of numerous efforts. Similar to how bioplastics, health care biofertilizers, animal feed, metal mineralization, nutraceuticals, antibiotics, vaccines, various treatments, and medicines have all been developed utilizing or with the assistance of microbes, several sectors have undergone a huge revolution. Additionally, to maximize the yields of microorganism products, scientists and engineers apply methods like metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, and fermentation technology. This allows them to fully utilize the potential of value-added biomass from microbes. Moreover, the use of inexpensive and renewable feedstocks is crucial to making these processes economically viable and environmentally sustainable. Therefore, the development of biodegradable polymeric materials and their utilization in various drug delivery systems is explored. Exopolysaccharides are polymeric materials with enhanced orspecialized properties that are produced from extracellular polysaccharides ofmicroorganisms and offer economic or industrial value. Exopolysaccharides are complex carbohydrates produced by certain microorganisms and secreted into their surroundings. Theproduction of exopolysaccharides involves cultivating specific microorganisms under controlled conditions to optimize exopolysaccharides production. The chosen microorganism is determined by the desired exopolysaccharide characteristics. Common microbial sources for exopolysaccharide production include several bacteria such as Xanthomonas pseudomonas, Aspergillus, Aureobasidium, Spirulina, and Chlorella. Though exopolysaccharides from microbes have a wide range of applications across various industries and offer sustainable alternatives to synthetic additives and materials in this chapter their pharmaceutical application has been elaborated on.