Artificial Intelligence in Andrology and Reproductive Medicine

Artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has been deployed in medicine and in andrology over the last decades. The advances in data science, eHealth, and bioinformatics and the need for personalized medicine have paved the road for AI in the modern healthcare. In this chapter, the role of AI in reproductive medicine and in management of male infertility is unveiled. The use of machine learning (ML), artificial neural network (ANN), and natural language processing (NLP) in enhancing decision support for infertile couples is also covered. AI has the potential to enhance the semen analysis and sperm selection and predict embryo quality with high degree of precision. Therefore, it is expected to improve assisted reproduction technique (ART) outcomes. The review explains the role of AI, support vector machine (SVM), and radiomics in the radiological assessment of infertile men and prediction of surgical sperm retrieval in men with nonobstructive azoospermia and in varicocele repair. Recent advances in robotic genital duct obstruction and varicocelectomy are also addressed. Although the integration of AI in andrology and infertility management is still limited, the future in this field is growing in an exponential manner.