Application of Microorganisms in Emerging Waste Management Strategies and Remediation of Synthetic and Cellulosic Microfibers

Waste management is now assuming a prominent significance both in India and throughout the world due to its essential involvement in recent events. Before being disposed of in landfills, waste must first be separated from its source and placed through a variety of recycling and recovery processes, which is the key to effective waste management (WM). With the development of biotechnology, there has been more discussion and assumption about the potential of microbes for certain uses. The use of various microorganisms, like protozoa, bacteria, algae, fungi, and viruses, that are involved in waste management. The categorization and characterization of waste, including household waste, agricultural waste, industrial waste, electronic waste, scrap metals, medical waste, plastic waste, and other degradable and biodegradable waste, is required for the analysis of microbial action in waste management and control. The remediation of synthetic and cellulosic microfibers signifies a pivotal endeavor in contemporary environmental science, aiming to mitigate the persistence and adverse effects of these minute fibers. Synthetic microfibers, originating from diverse sources such as textiles and plastics, alongside cellulosic counterparts derived from plant-based materials, pose significant challenges due to their durability and environmental impact. In conclusion, the exploration of microbial-driven strategies for synthetic and cellulosic microfiber remediation represents a promising avenue in waste management. Composting, microorganisms, landfills, wastewater treatment, bioremediation, primary treatment, and secondary treatments are some of the waste management options. As biotechnology and microorganisms can be employed successfully in WM, more study and information will be generated about their usage and function in WM. The review highlights that the remediation of synthetic and cellulosic microfibers through microbial interventions stands as a promising avenue for addressing the environmental challenges posed by these persistent materials for the application of microorganism-based waste management systems.