Diverse Business Models of Socially-oriented Organisations in Healthcare: Strengthening Services Provision for Underserved Populations

This study examines diverse business models adopted by two types of socially-oriented organisations (SOOs)—non-profit organisations (NPOs) and for-profit social enterprises (FPSEs), providing healthcare services to rural and underserved urban areas. Their business models leverage technology-enabled health interventions to generate social value for targeted populations, through products or services implemented for healthcare services provision. The study follows an inductive approach to data collection and analysis. Primary data collection involves semi-structured interviews with twelve healthcare-focused SOOs—six NPOs and six FPSEs in India, an emerging economy context. Building upon Baden-Fuller and Mangematin's four-dimensional typological classification, the study identifies the business model dimensions of each NPO and FPSE to achieve their ‘social mission-driven' objectives. The findings highlight similarities and distinguishing factors in NPO and FPSE business models.