Vascular Grafts Derived from Decellularized Tissues Modified with 3D Bioprinting

Cardiovascular surgery lacks suitable biomaterials for bypass surgery and patch repair. Currently available grafts for bypass surgery possess many shortcomings. In this study we are aiming to prepare vascular grafts and patches based on decellularized and lyophilized matrices (pericardium and vessels) with further recolonization with adipose derived stromal or Wharton’s jelly stromal cells. Decellularization was held in a custom-built automated system allowing cyclic change of decellularization agents and cleaning water, maintaining a reproducible process. To ensure homogenous recolonization of prepared substrates the 3D bioprinting and microextrusion method was utilized. Planar tissues were recolonized using 3D bioprinting methods. Porcine collagen with incorporated cells was used. Then to coat the inner lumen of tubular tissue microextrusion method was created. It uses special microcannulas where collagen with cells was extruded, leaving inner lumen homogeneously coated. Prepared planar patches and tubular grafts were then implanted into pigs for one month observation.