A Burden of Disease Model for Assessing the Economic and Outcomes Impact of Diseases Associated with HPV Infection

Human papillomavirus infection can be associated with a different spectrum of diseases, which in many cases are not manifested until several years after the first infection. The economic and clinical impacts of these infections must be estimated over a lifetime. The aim of this study is to assess the economic and health burden of human papillomavirus-associated diseases in the Czech Republic. A Markov model was created to estimate lifetime direct and indirect costs and benefits in the form of quality adjusted life years, years of life lost, and the number of deaths from cancers associated with Human papillomavirus infection. The model compared the scenario with vaccination of the female population and the male population with the scenario without vaccination. Simulation results suggest that vaccination, although associated with high initial costs, is an intervention that has lower lifetime costs and higher benefits.