Association Between Obesity in Women, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Adverse Obstetric Outcome

Obesity, Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and the combination of both obesity and PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) induce health implications, gynaecologic and obstetric complicationsComplications throughout women’s’ reproductive life spans and beyond. During the first trimester of pregnancy, obeseObese patients with PCOS are at increased risk of early pregnancy loss, repeated pregnancy loss, congenital anomalies, and developing early gestational diabetesDiabetes mellitus. These women may benefit from pre-conceptional consultations and early screening for at risks complicationsComplications. During the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients irrelevant of obesity status, present with specific obstetrics complicationsComplications likely linked to altered endometrial function mediated by hyperandrogenismHyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinismHyperinsulinism, insulin resistanceInsulin resistance and infertilityInfertility. Researchers have only recently studied the association between obesity and PCOS on obstetrical complicationsComplications, and they described specific pregnancy and delivery complicationsDelivery complication in this population. ObeseObese women with PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have greater risks of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including preeclampsia, more gestational diabetesDiabetes mellitus, chorioamnionitis, and caesarean section than do lean women with PCOS. The increased risk in preterm deliveries seems more iatrogenic and related to the specific complicationsComplications found in this population (preeclampsia and GDM). Obesity and PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increase the incidence of large for gestational age infants compared with obeseObese non-PCOS patients, with higher risks for neonatal hypoglycaemia and more admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. The offsprings’ long-term health from obeseObese PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mothers may also be affected with an increase in adiposity and endothelial dysfunction appearing in the first decade of life worsening their cardiovascular risks. Few studies have investigated the role of obesity in modifying risks in women with PCOS. However, the increased pregnancy complicationsPregnancy complications reported accentuate the importance of perinatal care and screening for the noted pregnancy complicationsPregnancy complications in obeseObese women with PCOSPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Further research is still needed.