Obesity-Induced Leptin-Signaling Pathways to Gynecologic Cancers

ObesityVascular endothelial growth factor is related to many major diseases and cancersCancer. Obesity-linked leptinLeptin has been studied extensively in many cancerCancer types. LeptinLeptin has been positively correlated with cancerCancer progression in some cancersCancer. There is a lack of knowledge to incorporate this discrepancy in cancerCancer biology. Whether the defect is in the genome or in the signaling pathways still is not clear. We need to connect the dots to overcome genetic and obesity-linked leptinLeptin gene defects in cancerCancer development. We incorporated two most important common gynecological cancersCancer literature searches and highlighted both in vivo patient and animal models. The objective of this review is to highlight the lack of experimental approaches and the future need to overcome the discrepant results. This review offers up-to-date and cohesive views of both upstream and downstream pathways of leptinLeptin in gynecological cancersCancer. The understanding of the pathogenesis will tie together all current evidence of similarities or differences in how leptinLeptin affects major types of cancersCancer in women with the hope of designing better therapeutic strategies in the future for those obeseObese/overweightOverweight women with cancersCancer.