Anti-obesity Effects of Anti-inflammatory Polyphenols

AccumulationAnti-obesity of abnormal or excessive adipose tissueAdipose tissue which poses a health risk is defined as obesity. Microenvironment of adipose tissueAdipose tissue changes in obesity. Hypertrophy, infiltration of immune cells, hypoxia, and fibrosis as micro environmental changes have been occurring as a result of excessive lipidLipid accumulation of adipocytesAdipocytes. Obesity associated inflammationInflammation basically depends on micro environmental changes of adipose tissueAdipose tissue and dietary polyphenolsPolyphenols can modify adipose tissueAdipose tissue microenvironment against obesity. Various polyphenolsPolyphenols are secondary plant metabolites, characterized as a phenolic compoundPhenolic compounds. PolyphenolsPolyphenols associated to obesity via anti-inflammatoryAnti-inflammatory roles are flavonoids, phenolic acids and non-flavonoids. Cell culture (especially 3T3-L1 adipocytesAdipocytes) and animal (especially C57BL/6J mice) studies indicated that polyphenolsPolyphenols have anti-obesityAnti-obesity effects via anti-inflammatoryAnti-inflammatory pathways. Mainly resveratrol and catechins have extensive studies on anti-obesityAnti-obesity effects of anti-inflammatoryAnti-inflammatory polyphenolsPolyphenols. In spite of this there is a lack of clinical studies to demonstrating the anti-inflammatoryAnti-inflammatory response of those polyphenolsPolyphenols. Furthermore, bioavailability of polyphenolsPolyphenols in human need is required to be considered to clarify their interactions and effects.