The Physical Activities in Obesity

TheNon-exercise activity thermogenesis global obesity pandemicObesity pandemic is a critical health problem for humans. Physical activitiesPhysical activity (PA), including structured exerciseExercise and daily PA, have the key to solving this issue. This chapter aims to summarise the clinical evidence regarding the role of PA in the management of obesity and discuss how to use PA by obeseObese individuals. The author overviewed a total of 9 systematic reviews and meta-analyses assessing the effects of exerciseExercise interventionsIntervention and 4 systematic reviews and meta-analyses assessing the effects of PA promotions/interventionsIntervention on obesity. Structured exerciseExercise programmes, especially the combination of aerobic exerciseAerobic exercise and resistance trainingResistance training, effectively decreased weight and improved body compositionBody composition (BMI) in obeseObese individuals. Daily PA also decreased weight in obeseObese individuals; however, the amount of its effect was small compared with structured exerciseExercise and body compositionBody composition (BMI) seemed not to be changed. Non-exerciseExercise activity, thermogenesis (NEAT) plays a key role in energy expenditureEnergy expenditure in humans. There are several studies investigating the effect of NEAT on health outcomes in humans; however, it is not thoroughly clarified due to the limitations of studies and the inaccuracy of measuring NEAT. In clinical practice, utilising advanced technologies, such as wearable devicesWearable device and virtual reality, will shed new light on managing obesity.