Interval-Valued Spherical Fuzzy Functional Resonance Analysis Method (IVSFS-FRAM): A Case Study on Aviation Wake Turbulence Operations

This chapter examines the development and application of the novel Interval-Valued Spherical Fuzzy Functional Resonance Analysis Method (IVSFS-FRAM) model to address challenges in quantifying performance variability within sociotechnical systems. Unlike conventional methods, IVSFS-FRAM employs rigorous computational processes to quantify performance variability, providing a flexible representation of uncertainties inherent in complex sociotechnical system analysis. By integrating IVSFS sets into FRAM, this study paves the way for further exploration and refinement of methodologies aimed at addressing the intricate challenges associated with quantifying upstream–downstream variabilities, which have the potential to lead to catastrophic system disruptions if not identified, monitored, and mitigated in a timely manner. The IVSFS-FRAM methodology is applied to conduct risk analysis on performance variability within aviation wake turbulence operations, particularly focusing on close traffic scenarios crucial for air traffic control (ATC). This application serves as a suitable case study to demonstrate the proposed model's utility. Specifically, the focus is on wake turbulence avoidance in close traffic operations, a critical aspect of ATC operations. In contrast to conventional methodologies, the proposed approach utilizes Interval-Valued estimation to quantify system performance variability, thereby introducing a more flexible and realistic representation of uncertainties inherent in wake turbulence phenomena. By employing IVSFS-FRAM to scrutinize wake turbulence operations, the research aims to provide not only theoretical insights but also a practical roadmap for enhancing safety measures in air traffic control. The incorporation of IVSFS into FRAM introduces a new dimension to safety analysis, opening avenues for further exploration and refinement of methodologies to address the intricate challenges posed by complex operations like studying wake turbulence in aviation operations.