Analysing Seasonal Variability of Land Surface Temperature with Land Use Land Cover Pattern in Jammu District, India

One of the most significant environmental parameters is land surface temperatureLand surface temperature (LST) which represents the skin temperature of land surface. It is measured remotely using thermal sensors on satellites or in situ using ground-based instruments. It is applied to investigate urban heat island (UHI) and thermal environment in a region. Hence, this research seeks to investigate the seasonal variationSeasonal variation of LST with LULC pattern and the relation between LULC pattern and LST. For this, Landsat datasetsLandsat datasets have been used for different seasons, i.e. pre-monsoon, monsoon, as well as post-monsoon for mapping of LULC and LST retrieval. In addition, surface biophysical parametersSurface biophysical parameters were computed to inspect the connection amid LST and LULC pattern. The findings show that the highest LST is observed in monsoon season while it reaches to its lowest the pre-monsoon. Gully area, built-up area, and river bed area registered high LST throughout all three seasons, whereas water bodies, dense forests, scrub forests, and agricultural areas exhibited low LST throughout all three seasons. Additionally, the relation between LST and spectral indices parameters indicates that while all surface biophysical parametersSurface biophysical parameters displayed a substantial correlation with LST. But, the normalized difference moisture index (NDMI) and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) had highest correlation relationship with LST throughout all seasons (correlation > 0.50). These outcomes may assist in land use planning, thermal wave heat wave mitigation in the region.