Probiotic bacteria are known to promote the health and well-being of their hosts by modulating neurotransmitters levels, the immune response, and the intestinal microbiota through various mechanisms. However, these microorganisms are vulnerable to multiple environmental factors present in food matrices and during the digestion process, which can affect their cell viability. Therefore, it is essential to develop systems that provide protection during the shelf life of the products and until their release in the human intestine, ensuring their beneficial effects. In this chapter are described, among the techniques used for the encapsulation of probiotic bacteria, high-energy methods (such as high-pressure homogenization (HPH), ultrasound (US), and high-speed devices) as alternative methods, as they can produce encapsulated systems with improved particle size and higher cell viability.