Embryonic Survival and Mortality
摘要
The current methods used to assess embryonic survival include ultrasonography, quantification of specific molecules in maternal blood as well as determining the progesterone amounts in both milk and serum of the cow. When considering embryonic mortality, it is important to highlight several significant causes including infectious diseases, high temperatures and humidity, genetic changes, toxic agents, embryo manipulation, cloning, and various biotechnologies. Some graphic examples of non-viable embryos are herein shown.