The Dynamics of Gig Work in Malaysia Through the Lens of AMO Theory

The gig economy has emerged as a work arrangement, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic hit the world. The need to adapt to the new situation while struggling to meet financial burdens has made online gig work the best option for the affected groups. This new work structure has grown rapidly in Malaysia, reshaping the standard employment system that previously dominated the labour market. This study explored the implementation of gig work in Malaysia and its implication to HRM practices. The study delved into the world of gig work in Malaysia through the lens of Ability, Motivation and Opportunity AMO theory using semi-structured interviews to gather data from the gig workers. The findings show a good interplay of AMO elements in understanding the configuration of the gig work structure through HRM practices. The study's findings offer multifaceted implications. Theoretically, the study demonstrates the applicability of AMO theory in unboxing the black box between HRM and performance. Practically, the study sheds light on the need to reconfigure the HRM practices that can cater for the uniqueness of flexible work arrangements and the potential of gig work for social sustainability in society.