Non-digital Health Trends in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Digitization of healthcare has attracted considerable attention globally and has transformed healthcare systems. However, it is essential to recognize that not all low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have the necessary resources or infrastructure to fully embrace digital technologies. This chapter provides an overview of the non-digital trends that continue to influence healthcare in LMICs, and by extension the implementation of digitisation efforts. These trends span many dimensions, including health policy, workforce development, community engagement, and infrastructure improvements. Understanding these non-digital trends is vital for the successful integration of digital solutions into health systems in LMICs. Thus, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for digitizing medicine in LMICs is essential, to understand the needs of medical support tools in LMICs now and in the future.