Experimental Investigation of Sensor Location Optimization for Mode Shape Extraction

As monitoring becomes more crucial for large structures, striking the right balance between the number of sensors and capturing key structural traits becomes pivotal in Structural Health Assessment and Monitoring. Mode shapes, crucial for validating numerical and experimental studies, ensure the research progresses accurately. Given the challenges of conducting basic tests on live structures, our research center focuses on an experimental investigation to enhance sensor placement for precise mode shape extraction on a cantilever model. This research delves into systematically evaluating sensor positions on a cantilever beam to enhance the precision and authenticity of recognizing mode shapes. ADXL-335 accelerometer sensors are employed to gather vibrational data and extract modal parameters, refining the placement of sensors for optimization. Combining experimental modal analysis with intentional sensor repositioning, this study aims to illustrate how sensor placement influences the accuracy of mode shape extraction. The findings offer insights into optimal sensor distribution methods, elevating the precision and reliability of identifying structure mode shapes using fundamental dynamics. This advancement enhances the field's approach to precise modal characterization. This approach can extend to live structures, employing a minimal number of sensors while effectively capturing essential structural characteristics.