Estimating the Difference Between Actual Driving Characteristics and World Motorcycle Test Cycle: A Case Study for Motorcycles in Hanoi

This study aims to estimate the difference between the actual driving features of motorcycles (MC) in Hanoi and the world motorcycle test cycle (WMTC) to reconfirm the necessity of developing the typical driving cycle in studies relating to vehicle emission characteristics. The on-road driving data of MC in Hanoi was utilized by using a data logging fitted up directly on MC and pre-processed by a designed filtration process of six steps. 19 typical driving kinematic parameters were used to reflect the driving features of WMTC and actual driving data. The difference related to the typical driving kinetic parameters in the 6.0% to 194.6% range was recognized. The deviation in the speed-acceleration frequency distribution of WMTC and actual driving characteristics is up to 54.6%. The average difference in the VSP bins distribution reaches 102.5%. Thus, investigations related to vehicle-specific emissions are strongly recommended to use real-world driving data rather than regular test cycles.